video-pc/libs/AVPlayer/avopenglwidget.cpp

#include "avopenglwidget.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QFont>
#include <QFontMetrics>
#include <QPainter>
#include <QTimer>
#include <climits>
#include <new>

AVOpenGLWidget::AVOpenGLWidget(QWidget* parent)
    : QOpenGLWidget(parent)
    , m_program(nullptr)
    , m_textureId(0)
    , m_frameData(nullptr)
    , m_frameWidth(0)
    , m_frameHeight(0)
    , m_frameFormat(0)
    , m_frameUpdated(false)
    , m_initialized(false)
    , m_keepAspectRatio(true)
    , m_gray(false)
    , m_threshold(false)
    , m_thresholdValue(0.5f)
    , m_blur(false)
    , m_blurRadius(1.0f)
    , m_reverse(false)
    , m_colorReduce(false)
    , m_colorReduceLevel(0)
    , m_gamma(false)
    , m_gammaValue(1.0f)
    , m_contrastBright(false)
    , m_contrast(1.0f)
    , m_brightness(0.0f)
    , m_mirror(false)
    , m_noVideoTip(QStringLiteral("视频未开始"))
    , m_tipTexture(0)
    , m_tipAngle(0.0f)
{
    // setAttribute(Qt::WA_NoSystemBackground, true);
    // setAttribute(Qt::WA_OpaquePaintEvent, true);
    // setAutoFillBackground(false);
    // 设置顶点坐标
    m_vertices[0] = -1.0f;
    m_vertices[1] = -1.0f;
    m_vertices[2] = 1.0f;
    m_vertices[3] = -1.0f;
    m_vertices[4] = -1.0f;
    m_vertices[5] = 1.0f;
    m_vertices[6] = 1.0f;
    m_vertices[7] = 1.0f;

    // 设置纹理坐标
    m_texCoords[0] = 0.0f;
    m_texCoords[1] = 1.0f;
    m_texCoords[2] = 1.0f;
    m_texCoords[3] = 1.0f;
    m_texCoords[4] = 0.0f;
    m_texCoords[5] = 0.0f;
    m_texCoords[6] = 1.0f;
    m_texCoords[7] = 0.0f;

    // 3D文本旋转动画定时器
    m_tipTimer = new QTimer(this);
    connect(m_tipTimer, &QTimer::timeout, this, [this]() {
        m_tipAngle += 2.0f;
        if (m_tipAngle > 360.0f)
            m_tipAngle -= 360.0f;
        update();
    });
    m_tipTimer->start(30);
    // 初始化时生成一次纹理，防止初次显示时未生成
    m_frameData = nullptr;
    m_frameUpdated = false;
    m_tipImage = QImage();
    m_tipTexture = 0;
}

AVOpenGLWidget::~AVOpenGLWidget()
{
    Close();
}

bool AVOpenGLWidget::Open(unsigned int width, unsigned int height)
{
    QMutexLocker locker(&m_mutex);

    m_frameWidth = width;
    m_frameHeight = height;

    // 如果已经有数据，释放它
    if (m_frameData) {
        delete[] m_frameData;
    }

    // 分配新的内存
    m_frameData = new unsigned char[width * height * 4]; // RGBA格式
    memset(m_frameData, 0, width * height * 4);

    return true;
}

void AVOpenGLWidget::Close()
{
    makeCurrent();
    if (m_textureId) {
        glDeleteTextures(1, &m_textureId);
        m_textureId = 0;
    }
    if (m_program) {
        delete m_program;
        m_program = nullptr;
    }
    doneCurrent();

    // 释放帧数据
    QMutexLocker locker(&m_mutex);
    if (m_frameData) {
        delete[] m_frameData;
        m_frameData = nullptr;
    }

    m_frameWidth = 0;
    m_frameHeight = 0;
    m_frameUpdated = false;
    m_initialized = false;
}

void AVOpenGLWidget::initializeGL()
{
    initializeOpenGLFunctions();
    glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);

    // 创建统一shader，支持多特效
    if (m_program) {
        delete m_program;
        m_program = nullptr;
    }
    m_program = new QOpenGLShaderProgram();
    m_program->addShaderFromSourceCode(QOpenGLShader::Vertex,
                                       "attribute vec2 vertexIn;\n"
                                       "attribute vec2 textureIn;\n"
                                       "varying vec2 textureOut;\n"
                                       "void main(void)\n"
                                       "{\n"
                                       "    gl_Position = vec4(vertexIn, 0.0, 1.0);\n"
                                       "    textureOut = textureIn;\n"
                                       "}\n");
    m_program->addShaderFromSourceCode(QOpenGLShader::Fragment,
                                       R"Raw(
        varying vec2 textureOut;
        uniform sampler2D texture;
        uniform vec2 uTextureSize;
        uniform bool uGray;
        uniform bool uThreshold;
        uniform float uThresholdValue;
        uniform bool uBlur;
        uniform float uBlurRadius;
        uniform bool uReverse;
        uniform bool uColorReduce;
        uniform int uColorReduceLevel;
        uniform bool uGamma;
        uniform float uGammaValue;
        uniform bool uContrastBright;
        uniform float uContrast;
        uniform float uBrightness;
        uniform bool uMirror;
        void main(void)
        {
            vec2 uv = textureOut;
            if (uMirror) {
                uv.x = 1.0 - uv.x;
            }
            vec4 color = texture2D(texture, uv);
            // 灰度
            if (uGray) {
                float gray = dot(color.rgb, vec3(0.299, 0.587, 0.114));
                color = vec4(gray, gray, gray, color.a);
            }
            // 二值化
            if (uThreshold) {
                float v = dot(color.rgb, vec3(0.299, 0.587, 0.114));
                float th = v > uThresholdValue ? 1.0 : 0.0;
                color = vec4(th, th, th, color.a);
            }
            // 简单3x3均值模糊
            if (uBlur) {
                vec2 tex_offset = vec2(1.0) / uTextureSize;
                vec4 sum = vec4(0.0);
                for (int dx = -1; dx <= 1; ++dx)
                for (int dy = -1; dy <= 1; ++dy)
                    sum += texture2D(texture, uv + vec2(dx, dy) * tex_offset * uBlurRadius);
                color = sum / 9.0;
            }
            // 反色
            if (uReverse) {
                color.rgb = vec3(1.0) - color.rgb;
            }
            // 色彩减少
            if (uColorReduce) {
                color.rgb = floor(color.rgb * float(uColorReduceLevel)) / float(uColorReduceLevel);
            }
            // 伽马
            if (uGamma) {
                color.rgb = pow(color.rgb, vec3(1.0 / uGammaValue));
            }
            // 对比度/亮度
            if (uContrastBright) {
                color.rgb = color.rgb * uContrast + uBrightness;
            }
            gl_FragColor = color;
        }
        )Raw");
    m_program->bindAttributeLocation("vertexIn", 0);
    m_program->bindAttributeLocation("textureIn", 1);
    m_program->link();

    // 创建纹理
    glGenTextures(1, &m_textureId);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_textureId);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);

    m_initialized = true;
}

void AVOpenGLWidget::resizeGL(int width, int height)
{
    glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}

// 文本转OpenGL纹理
void AVOpenGLWidget::updateTipTexture()
{
    QFont font;
    font.setPointSize(48);
    font.setBold(true);
    QFontMetrics fm(font);
    int w = fm.horizontalAdvance(m_noVideoTip) + 40;
    int h = fm.height() + 40;
    QImage img(w, h, QImage::Format_ARGB32_Premultiplied);
    img.fill(Qt::transparent);
    QPainter p(&img);
    p.setFont(font);
    p.setPen(Qt::white);
    p.setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
    p.drawText(img.rect(), Qt::AlignCenter, m_noVideoTip);
    p.end();
    m_tipImage = img;
    if (m_tipTexture) {
        glDeleteTextures(1, &m_tipTexture);
    }
    glGenTextures(1, &m_tipTexture);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_tipTexture);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D,
                 0,
                 GL_RGBA,
                 img.width(),
                 img.height(),
                 0,
                 GL_BGRA,
                 GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
                 img.bits());
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
}

// 3D绘制方法
void AVOpenGLWidget::drawNoVideoTip3D()
{
    glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
    glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_tipTexture);
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glLoadIdentity();
    float aspect = float(width()) / float(height());
    glOrtho(-aspect, aspect, -1, 1, -10, 10);
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    glLoadIdentity();
    glTranslatef(0, 0, 0);
    glRotatef(m_tipAngle, 0, 1, 0);
    float w = float(m_tipImage.width()) / width();
    float h = float(m_tipImage.height()) / height();
    glBegin(GL_QUADS);
    glTexCoord2f(0, 1);
    glVertex3f(-w, -h, 0);
    glTexCoord2f(1, 1);
    glVertex3f(w, -h, 0);
    glTexCoord2f(1, 0);
    glVertex3f(w, h, 0);
    glTexCoord2f(0, 0);
    glVertex3f(-w, h, 0);
    glEnd();
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
    glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
    glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
}

void AVOpenGLWidget::paintGL()
{
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
    QMutexLocker locker(&m_mutex);
    if (!m_frameData || m_frameWidth <= 0 || m_frameHeight <= 0 || !m_frameUpdated) {
        if (m_tipTexture == 0)
            updateTipTexture();
        drawNoVideoTip3D();
        return;
    }
    // 绑定纹理并更新数据
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_textureId);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D,
                 0,
                 GL_RGBA,
                 m_frameWidth,
                 m_frameHeight,
                 0,
                 GL_RGBA,
                 GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
                 m_frameData);
    m_program->bind();
    m_program->setUniformValue("texture", 0);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uTextureSize", QVector2D(m_frameWidth, m_frameHeight));
    m_program->setUniformValue("uGray", m_gray);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uThreshold", m_threshold);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uThresholdValue", m_thresholdValue);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uBlur", m_blur);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uBlurRadius", m_blurRadius);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uReverse", m_reverse);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uColorReduce", m_colorReduce);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uColorReduceLevel", m_colorReduceLevel);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uGamma", m_gamma);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uGammaValue", m_gammaValue);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uContrastBright", m_contrastBright);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uContrast", m_contrast);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uBrightness", m_brightness);
    m_program->setUniformValue("uMirror", m_mirror);
    m_program->enableAttributeArray(0);
    m_program->enableAttributeArray(1);
    m_program->setAttributeArray(0, m_vertices, 2);
    m_program->setAttributeArray(1, m_texCoords, 2);
    // 保持比例
    if (m_keepAspectRatio) {
        QSize widgetSize = size();
        double widgetRatio = double(widgetSize.width()) / widgetSize.height();
        double videoRatio = double(m_frameWidth) / m_frameHeight;
        int x = 0, y = 0, w = widgetSize.width(), h = widgetSize.height();
        if (widgetRatio > videoRatio) {
            w = int(h * videoRatio);
            x = (widgetSize.width() - w) / 2;
        } else {
            h = int(w / videoRatio);
            y = (widgetSize.height() - h) / 2;
        }
        glViewport(x, y, w, h);
    } else {
        glViewport(0, 0, width(), height());
    }
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);
    m_program->disableAttributeArray(0);
    m_program->disableAttributeArray(1);
    m_program->release();
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
}

void AVOpenGLWidget::updateFrame(const AVOpenGLWidget::RGBAFrame& frame)
{
    if (!frame.data || frame.width <= 0 || frame.height <= 0)
        return;

    QMutexLocker locker(&m_mutex);

    // 如果尺寸变化，重新分配内存
    if (m_frameWidth != frame.width || m_frameHeight != frame.height) {
        if (m_frameData) {
            delete[] m_frameData;
            m_frameData = nullptr;
        }

        m_frameWidth = frame.width;
        m_frameHeight = frame.height;

        // 检查内存分配大小是否合理
        size_t dataSize = static_cast<size_t>(m_frameWidth) * m_frameHeight * 4;
        if (dataSize > 0 && dataSize < SIZE_MAX / 4) {
            try {
                m_frameData = new unsigned char[dataSize]; // RGBA格式
            } catch (const std::bad_alloc&) {
                m_frameData = nullptr;
                return;
            }
        } else {
            return;
        }
    }

    // 确保m_frameData已正确分配
    if (!m_frameData) {
        return;
    }

    // 复制帧数据
    memcpy(m_frameData, frame.data, m_frameWidth * m_frameHeight * 4);
    m_frameUpdated = true;

    // 请求重绘
    update();
}

bool AVOpenGLWidget::convertFromAVFrame(AVFrame* frame)
{
    if (!frame || frame->width <= 0 || frame->height <= 0 || !frame->data[0])
        return false;

    QMutexLocker locker(&m_mutex);

    // 如果尺寸变化，重新分配内存
    if (m_frameWidth != frame->width || m_frameHeight != frame->height) {
        if (m_frameData) {
            delete[] m_frameData;
            m_frameData = nullptr;
        }

        m_frameWidth = frame->width;
        m_frameHeight = frame->height;

        // 检查内存分配大小是否合理
        size_t dataSize = static_cast<size_t>(m_frameWidth) * m_frameHeight * 4;
        if (dataSize > 0 && dataSize < SIZE_MAX / 4) {
            try {
                m_frameData = new unsigned char[dataSize]; // RGBA格式
            } catch (const std::bad_alloc&) {
                m_frameData = nullptr;
                return false;
            }
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    // 确保m_frameData已正确分配，即使尺寸没有变化
    if (!m_frameData) {
        // 尺寸没有变化但m_frameData为空，需要重新分配
        size_t dataSize = static_cast<size_t>(m_frameWidth) * m_frameHeight * 4;
        if (dataSize > 0 && dataSize < SIZE_MAX / 4) {
            try {
                m_frameData = new unsigned char[dataSize]; // RGBA格式
            } catch (const std::bad_alloc&) {
                m_frameData = nullptr;
                return false;
            }
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    // 检查源数据是否有效（防止frame.data[0]为空字符或无效数据）
    if (!frame->data[0] || frame->linesize[0] <= 0) {
        qDebug() << "Invalid frame data or linesize";
        return false;
    }

    // 根据不同的像素格式进行转换
    switch (frame->format) {
    case AV_PIX_FMT_RGBA: {
        // 直接复制RGBA数据
        for (int y = 0; y < frame->height; y++) {
            memcpy(m_frameData + y * m_frameWidth * 4,
                   frame->data[0] + y * frame->linesize[0],
                   frame->width * 4);
        }
    } break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24: {
        // RGB24转RGBA
        for (int y = 0; y < frame->height; y++) {
            uint8_t* src = frame->data[0] + y * frame->linesize[0];
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + y * m_frameWidth * 4;

            for (int x = 0; x < frame->width; x++) {
                *dst++ = *src++; // R
                *dst++ = *src++; // G
                *dst++ = *src++; // B
                *dst++ = 255;    // A
            }
        }
    } break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_BGR0:
    case AV_PIX_FMT_BGRA: {
        // BGRA转RGBA
        for (int y = 0; y < frame->height; y++) {
            uint8_t* src = frame->data[0] + y * frame->linesize[0];
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + y * m_frameWidth * 4;

            for (int x = 0; x < frame->width; x++) {
                uint8_t b = *src++;
                uint8_t g = *src++;
                uint8_t r = *src++;
                uint8_t a = *src++;

                *dst++ = r;
                *dst++ = g;
                *dst++ = b;
                *dst++ = a;
            }
        }
    } break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24: {
        // BGR24转RGBA
        for (int y = 0; y < frame->height; y++) {
            uint8_t* src = frame->data[0] + y * frame->linesize[0];
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + y * m_frameWidth * 4;

            for (int x = 0; x < frame->width; x++) {
                uint8_t b = *src++;
                uint8_t g = *src++;
                uint8_t r = *src++;

                *dst++ = r;   // R
                *dst++ = g;   // G
                *dst++ = b;   // B
                *dst++ = 255; // A (设为不透明)
            }
        }
    } break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P: // 添加对YUV420P格式的支持
    {
        // 检查YUV平面数据是否有效
        if (!frame->data[1] || !frame->data[2])
            return false;

        // YUV420P转RGBA
        for (int y = 0; y < frame->height; y++) {
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + y * m_frameWidth * 4;

            for (int x = 0; x < frame->width; x++) {
                int Y = frame->data[0][y * frame->linesize[0] + x];
                int U = frame->data[1][(y / 2) * frame->linesize[1] + (x / 2)];
                int V = frame->data[2][(y / 2) * frame->linesize[2] + (x / 2)];

                // YUV转RGB公式
                int C = Y - 16;
                int D = U - 128;
                int E = V - 128;

                int R = (298 * C + 409 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int G = (298 * C - 100 * D - 208 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int B = (298 * C + 516 * D + 128) >> 8;

                // 限制RGB值在0-255范围内
                R = R < 0 ? 0 : (R > 255 ? 255 : R);
                G = G < 0 ? 0 : (G > 255 ? 255 : G);
                B = B < 0 ? 0 : (B > 255 ? 255 : B);

                *dst++ = R;   // R
                *dst++ = G;   // G
                *dst++ = B;   // B
                *dst++ = 255; // A
            }
        }
    } break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_NV12: {
        // 检查NV12平面数据是否有效
        if (!frame->data[1])
            return false;

        // NV12转RGBA
        for (int y = 0; y < frame->height; y++) {
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + y * m_frameWidth * 4;

            for (int x = 0; x < frame->width; x++) {
                int Y = frame->data[0][y * frame->linesize[0] + x];
                int U = frame->data[1][(y / 2) * frame->linesize[1] + (x / 2) * 2];
                int V = frame->data[1][(y / 2) * frame->linesize[1] + (x / 2) * 2 + 1];

                // YUV转RGB公式
                int C = Y - 16;
                int D = U - 128;
                int E = V - 128;

                int R = (298 * C + 409 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int G = (298 * C - 100 * D - 208 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int B = (298 * C + 516 * D + 128) >> 8;

                // 限制RGB值在0-255范围内
                R = R < 0 ? 0 : (R > 255 ? 255 : R);
                G = G < 0 ? 0 : (G > 255 ? 255 : G);
                B = B < 0 ? 0 : (B > 255 ? 255 : B);

                *dst++ = R;   // R
                *dst++ = G;   // G
                *dst++ = B;   // B
                *dst++ = 255; // A
            }
        }
    } break;
    default:
        // 对于其他格式，可以考虑使用FFmpeg的sws_scale函数
        qDebug() << "Unsupported pixel format:" << frame->format;
        return false;
    }

    m_frameUpdated = true;
    update();
    return true;
}

bool AVOpenGLWidget::Render(AVFrame* frame)
{
    if (!m_initialized && isValid()) {
        makeCurrent();
        initializeGL();
        doneCurrent();
    }

    if (!frame) {
        update(); // 仅刷新显示
        return true;
    }

    bool result = convertFromAVFrame(frame);

    // 释放传入的AVFrame，因为现在使用QueuedConnection异步调用
    // 需要在这里释放内存，避免内存泄漏
    av_frame_free(&frame);

    return result;
}

void AVOpenGLWidget::clearFrame()
{
    QMutexLocker locker(&m_mutex);
    m_frameUpdated = false;
    update();
}

void AVOpenGLWidget::setGray(bool on)
{
    if (m_gray != on) {
        m_gray = on;
        update();
    }
}
void AVOpenGLWidget::setThreshold(bool on, float value)
{
    if (m_threshold != on || m_thresholdValue != value) {
        m_threshold = on;
        m_thresholdValue = value;
        update();
    }
}
void AVOpenGLWidget::setBlur(bool on, float radius)
{
    if (m_blur != on || m_blurRadius != radius) {
        m_blur = on;
        m_blurRadius = radius;
        update();
    }
}
void AVOpenGLWidget::setReverse(bool on)
{
    if (m_reverse != on) {
        m_reverse = on;
        update();
    }
}
void AVOpenGLWidget::setColorReduce(bool on, int level)
{
    if (m_colorReduce != on || m_colorReduceLevel != level) {
        m_colorReduce = on;
        m_colorReduceLevel = level;
        update();
    }
}
void AVOpenGLWidget::setGamma(bool on, float gamma)
{
    if (m_gamma != on || m_gammaValue != gamma) {
        m_gamma = on;
        m_gammaValue = gamma;
        update();
    }
}
void AVOpenGLWidget::setContrastBright(bool on, float contrast, float brightness)
{
    if (m_contrastBright != on || m_contrast != contrast || m_brightness != brightness) {
        m_contrastBright = on;
        m_contrast = contrast;
        m_brightness = brightness;
        update();
    }
}
void AVOpenGLWidget::setMirror(bool on)
{
    if (m_mirror != on) {
        m_mirror = on;
        update();
    }
}

void AVOpenGLWidget::setNoVideoTip(const QString& tip)
{
    if (m_noVideoTip != tip) {
        m_noVideoTip = tip;
        updateTipTexture();
        update();
    }
}

void AVOpenGLWidget::showEndTip(const QString& tip)
{
    QMutexLocker locker(&m_mutex);
    m_noVideoTip = tip;
    if (m_tipTexture) {
        glDeleteTextures(1, &m_tipTexture);
        m_tipTexture = 0;
    }
    m_frameUpdated = false;
    if (m_frameData) {
        delete[] m_frameData;
        m_frameData = nullptr;
    }
    updateTipTexture();
    update();
}

void AVOpenGLWidget::onShowYUV(QSharedPointer<VideoFrame> frame)
{
    if (!frame || frame->getPixelW() <= 0 || frame->getPixelH() <= 0) {
        return;
    }

    QMutexLocker locker(&m_mutex);

    uint32_t width = frame->getPixelW();
    uint32_t height = frame->getPixelH();

    // 如果尺寸变化，重新分配内存
    if (m_frameWidth != static_cast<int>(width) || m_frameHeight != static_cast<int>(height)) {
        if (m_frameData) {
            delete[] m_frameData;
            m_frameData = nullptr;
        }

        m_frameWidth = static_cast<int>(width);
        m_frameHeight = static_cast<int>(height);

        // 检查内存分配大小是否合理
        size_t dataSize = static_cast<size_t>(m_frameWidth) * m_frameHeight * 4;
        if (dataSize > 0 && dataSize < SIZE_MAX / 4) {
            try {
                m_frameData = new unsigned char[dataSize]; // RGBA格式
            } catch (const std::bad_alloc&) {
                m_frameData = nullptr;
                return;
            }
        } else {
            return;
        }
    }

    // 确保m_frameData已正确分配
    if (!m_frameData) {
        size_t dataSize = static_cast<size_t>(m_frameWidth) * m_frameHeight * 4;
        if (dataSize > 0 && dataSize < SIZE_MAX / 4) {
            try {
                m_frameData = new unsigned char[dataSize]; // RGBA格式
            } catch (const std::bad_alloc&) {
                m_frameData = nullptr;
                return;
            }
        } else {
            return;
        }
    }

    AVPixelFormat fmt = frame->getFormat();
    uint8_t* y = frame->getData(0);
    uint8_t* u = frame->getData(1);
    uint8_t* v = frame->getData(2);
    int lsY = frame->getLineSize(0);
    int lsU = frame->getLineSize(1);
    int lsV = frame->getLineSize(2);

    if (!y)
        return;

    auto clamp = [](int v) { return v < 0 ? 0 : (v > 255 ? 255 : v); };

    switch (fmt) {
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P:
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ420P:
        if (!u || !v)
            return;
        for (int yy = 0; yy < m_frameHeight; ++yy) {
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + yy * m_frameWidth * 4;
            const uint8_t* srcY = y + yy * lsY;
            const uint8_t* srcU = u + (yy / 2) * lsU;
            const uint8_t* srcV = v + (yy / 2) * lsV;
            for (int xx = 0; xx < m_frameWidth; ++xx) {
                int Y = srcY[xx];
                int Uc = srcU[xx / 2];
                int Vc = srcV[xx / 2];
                int C = Y - 16, D = Uc - 128, E = Vc - 128;
                int R = (298 * C + 409 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int G = (298 * C - 100 * D - 208 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int B = (298 * C + 516 * D + 128) >> 8;
                *dst++ = clamp(R);
                *dst++ = clamp(G);
                *dst++ = clamp(B);
                *dst++ = 255;
            }
        }
        break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P:
        if (!u || !v)
            return;
        for (int yy = 0; yy < m_frameHeight; ++yy) {
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + yy * m_frameWidth * 4;
            const uint8_t* srcY = y + yy * lsY;
            const uint8_t* srcU = u + yy * lsU;
            const uint8_t* srcV = v + yy * lsV;
            for (int xx = 0; xx < m_frameWidth; ++xx) {
                int Y = srcY[xx];
                int Uc = srcU[xx / 2];
                int Vc = srcV[xx / 2];
                int C = Y - 16, D = Uc - 128, E = Vc - 128;
                int R = (298 * C + 409 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int G = (298 * C - 100 * D - 208 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int B = (298 * C + 516 * D + 128) >> 8;
                *dst++ = clamp(R);
                *dst++ = clamp(G);
                *dst++ = clamp(B);
                *dst++ = 255;
            }
        }
        break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P:
        if (!u || !v)
            return;
        for (int yy = 0; yy < m_frameHeight; ++yy) {
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + yy * m_frameWidth * 4;
            const uint8_t* srcY = y + yy * lsY;
            const uint8_t* srcU = u + yy * lsU;
            const uint8_t* srcV = v + yy * lsV;
            for (int xx = 0; xx < m_frameWidth; ++xx) {
                int Y = srcY[xx];
                int Uc = srcU[xx];
                int Vc = srcV[xx];
                int C = Y - 16, D = Uc - 128, E = Vc - 128;
                int R = (298 * C + 409 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int G = (298 * C - 100 * D - 208 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int B = (298 * C + 516 * D + 128) >> 8;
                *dst++ = clamp(R);
                *dst++ = clamp(G);
                *dst++ = clamp(B);
                *dst++ = 255;
            }
        }
        break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_NV12: // Y + UV interleaved
        if (!u)
            return;
        for (int yy = 0; yy < m_frameHeight; ++yy) {
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + yy * m_frameWidth * 4;
            const uint8_t* srcY = y + yy * lsY;
            const uint8_t* srcUV = u + (yy / 2) * lsU;
            for (int xx = 0; xx < m_frameWidth; ++xx) {
                int Y = srcY[xx];
                int Uc = srcUV[(xx / 2) * 2 + 0];
                int Vc = srcUV[(xx / 2) * 2 + 1];
                int C = Y - 16, D = Uc - 128, E = Vc - 128;
                int R = (298 * C + 409 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int G = (298 * C - 100 * D - 208 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int B = (298 * C + 516 * D + 128) >> 8;
                *dst++ = clamp(R);
                *dst++ = clamp(G);
                *dst++ = clamp(B);
                *dst++ = 255;
            }
        }
        break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_NV21: // Y + VU interleaved
        if (!u)
            return;
        for (int yy = 0; yy < m_frameHeight; ++yy) {
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + yy * m_frameWidth * 4;
            const uint8_t* srcY = y + yy * lsY;
            const uint8_t* srcVU = u + (yy / 2) * lsU;
            for (int xx = 0; xx < m_frameWidth; ++xx) {
                int Y = srcY[xx];
                int Vc = srcVU[(xx / 2) * 2 + 0];
                int Uc = srcVU[(xx / 2) * 2 + 1];
                int C = Y - 16, D = Uc - 128, E = Vc - 128;
                int R = (298 * C + 409 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int G = (298 * C - 100 * D - 208 * E + 128) >> 8;
                int B = (298 * C + 516 * D + 128) >> 8;
                *dst++ = clamp(R);
                *dst++ = clamp(G);
                *dst++ = clamp(B);
                *dst++ = 255;
            }
        }
        break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY8:
        for (int yy = 0; yy < m_frameHeight; ++yy) {
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + yy * m_frameWidth * 4;
            const uint8_t* srcY = y + yy * lsY;
            for (int xx = 0; xx < m_frameWidth; ++xx) {
                int Y = srcY[xx];
                *dst++ = Y;
                *dst++ = Y;
                *dst++ = Y;
                *dst++ = 255;
            }
        }
        break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24:
        for (int yy = 0; yy < m_frameHeight; ++yy) {
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + yy * m_frameWidth * 4;
            const uint8_t* src = y + yy * lsY;
            for (int xx = 0; xx < m_frameWidth; ++xx) {
                uint8_t r = src[xx * 3 + 0];
                uint8_t g = src[xx * 3 + 1];
                uint8_t b = src[xx * 3 + 2];
                *dst++ = r;
                *dst++ = g;
                *dst++ = b;
                *dst++ = 255;
            }
        }
        break;
    case AV_PIX_FMT_RGBA:
        for (int yy = 0; yy < m_frameHeight; ++yy) {
            uint8_t* dst = m_frameData + yy * m_frameWidth * 4;
            const uint8_t* src = y + yy * lsY;
            memcpy(dst, src, m_frameWidth * 4);
        }
        break;
    default:
        // 不支持的格式：尝试走现有 convertFromAVFrame 流程（如果可用），否则返回
        // 这里无法拿到 AVFrame*，先简单忽略
        return;
    }

    m_frameUpdated = true;
    update();
}